Refugee determination involves applying a complex legal definition to the facts of an individual case.  It is inappropriate and unhelpful for people to make generalizations about whether certain groups of people are or are not refugees, without all the facts of the case. 

Similarly, it is wrong to create a two-tier system, where some claimants are disadvantaged based on a factor such as their nationality.1

An effective refugee system requires determination of individual claims, based on all the facts and the law, by an expert, independent body.

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The Canadian refugee determination system already takes into account that state protection will normally be available in countries that are fully developed democracies, and requires claimants from such countries to demonstrate why the state can’t or won’t protect them.